These are lab-made molecules that can bind to specific targets on cancer cells. For example, rituximab targets the CD20 protein on B cells and is used to treat certain types of lymphoma.

Checkpoint Inhibitors: These drugs help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells by blocking proteins that prevent immune cells from attacking. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) is an example used in various cancers.

CAR-T Cell Therapy: This involves modifying a patient’s T cells (a type of immune cell) to better recognize and attack cancer cells. It’s like giving the immune cells a GPS to find cancer more effectively.