Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease primarily targeting the synovial joints. The immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium — the lining of the joint capsule — leading to pannus formation, cartilage erosion, and progressive joint destruction. RA is characterised by symmetrical peripheral joint inflammation, morning stiffness lasting more than one hour, and systemic extra-articular manifestations. It is associated with significant morbidity, cardiovascular risk, and reduced life expectancy if inadequately treated.